Here’s a list of the most common Spanish irregular participles to form perfect tenses and use as adjectives!
Spanish Irregular Participles
Most verbs have one participle. Use the following irregular participles to form prefect tenses in Spanish.
• He abierto la puerta. (participle used in a perfect tense)
• La puerta está abierta. (participle used as adjective)
You can also use them as adjectives. However, keep in mind that adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.
Learn about masculine and feminine nouns in the post called Spanish Gender Rules: Masculine and Feminine Nouns (+ Free PDF).
- abrir (to open) — abierto
- absolver (to pardon) — absuelto
- componer (to compose) — compuesto
- cubrir (to cover) — cubierto
- decir (to say) — dicho
- deshacer (to undo) — deshecho
- descomponer (to rot) — descompuesto
- descubrir (to discover) — descubierto
- devolver (to give back) — devuelto
- envolver (to wrap) — envuelto
- escribir (to write) — escrito
- exponer (to present) — expuesto
- hacer (to do) — hecho
- imponer (to impose) — impuesto
- morir (to die) — muerto
- oponer (to oppose) — opuesto
- poner (to put) — puesto
- predecir (to predict) — predicho
- posponer (to postpone) — pospuesto
- prever (to foresee) — previsto
- proponer (to propose) — propuesto
- reponer (to replace) — repuesto
- resolver (to solve) — resuelto
- romper (to break) — roto
- satisfacer (to satisfy) — satisfecho
- ver (to see) — visto
- volver (to return) — vuelto
Verbs With Two Participles
Some verbs have two participles, one regular and one irregular.
The regular form is used to form perfect tenses. The irregular form is used as an adjective.
• El niño ha despertado. (regular participle used in a perfect tense)
• El niño está despierto. (irregular participle used as adjective)
- bendecir (to bless) — bendecido, bendito
- despertar (to wake up) — despertado, despierto
- freír (to fry) — freído, frito
- salvar (to save) — salvado, salvo
- soltar (to release) — soltado, suelto
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