Here’s a list of the most common Spanish irregular participles to form perfect tenses and use as adjectives!
One Irregular Participle
Most verbs have one participle. Use the following irregular participles to form prefect tenses in Spanish.
You can also use them as adjectives. However, keep in mind that adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.
• He abierto la puerta. (participle used in a perfect tense)
• La puerta está abierta. (participle used as adjective)
- abrir (to open) — abierto
- absolver (to pardon) — absuelto
- componer (to compose) — compuesto
- cubrir (to cover) — cubierto
- decir (to say) — dicho
- deshacer (to undo) — deshecho
- descomponer (to rot) — descompuesto
- descubrir (to discover) — descubierto
- devolver (to give back) — devuelto
- envolver (to wrap) — envuelto
- escribir (to write) — escrito
- exponer (to present) — expuesto
- hacer (to do) — hecho
- imponer (to impose) — impuesto
- morir (to die) — muerto
- oponer (to oppose) — opuesto
- poner (to put) — puesto
- predecir (to predict) — predicho
- posponer (to postpone) — pospuesto
- prever (to foresee) — previsto
- proponer (to propose) — propuesto
- reponer (to replace) — repuesto
- resolver (to solve) — resuelto
- romper (to break) — roto
- satisfacer (to satisfy) — satisfecho
- ver (to see) — visto
- volver (to return) — vuelto
Verbs With Two Participles
Some verbs have two participles, one regular and one irregular.
The regular form is used to form perfect tenses. The irregular form is used as an adjective.
• El niño ha despertado. (regular participle used in a perfect tense)
• El niño está despierto. (irregular participle used as adjective)
- bendecir (to bless) — bendecido, bendito
- despertar (to wake up) — despertado, despierto
- freír (to fry) — freído, frito
- salvar (to save) — salvado, salvo
- soltar (to release) — soltado, suelto
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